Description: Exploration of sources of volatility in retiree health valuations, noting how volatility arises and might be mitigated, with discussion of valuation parameters more problematic for retiree health benefits than for pensions. Three significant influences on retiree health valuation volatility are covered-- changes in benefit level, fluctuations in cost level, and alterations in eligibility for, or duration of, benefit – and attention focused on the last two. Specific conclusions result in recommendations, which are supported by practical examples contrasting volatile measurement results with those likely from the recommended practices. Theoretical discussion includes health claim variation, health trend usage, financial economics, option pricing, discount rates, and deterministic vs. stochastic modeling.

Description: The ACA’s Medical Loss Ratio Provisions

Description: A compilation of feedback from actuaries in the Health Section of the affects of the ACA.

Description: This article provides an in-depth discussion of how subsidies are an integral part of affordability for individual health insurance under the Affordable Care Act, and, ultimately, impact the viability of the market.

Description: Diagnostic coding in dental is in its infancy. This article explores the use of medical diagnostic coding and how it may transform dental care in various ways.

Description: Part II of a two-part series discussing individual market evolution from before the ACA through President Trump's first term.

Description: This paper discusses the quality of healthcare verses the price of healthcare and puruses individuals and doctors making decisions for their own healthcare costs and services.

Description: The Johns Hopkins ACG Team's comments regarding their participation in the Comparative Analysis of Claims-Based Tools for Health Risk Assessment.

Description: Affordable Care Act and Payment Reform

Description: Part I of a two-part series concerning the evolution of the individual market. It begins with background, discusses present markets and 2018 regulations.